As três universidades públicas estaduais de São Paulo, Unicamp, USP e Unesp, vão lançar em abril um edital conjunto e inédito para impulsionar a pesquisa científica nas áreas das tecnologias assistivas, que são produtos, equipamentos, dispositivos ou recursos que promovam práticas, serviços de inclusão social, além de conforto, segurança e autonomia a pessoas com deficiência.
O edital, que surgiu de uma demanda da Secretaria Estadual dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, oferecerá apoio financeiro de R$ 100 mil a R$ 500 mil para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa, por dois anos, para docentes e pesquisadores que atuem nas áreas de produção científica, bibliográfica, tecnológica, artístico cultural, didática ou em projetos de extensão.
A Unicamp e a Unesp devem alocar R$ 2,5 milhões cada para financiamento de projetos. A USP, por sua vez, deverá reservar R$ 5 milhões. “Um dos objetivos principais do edital é o de atrair novos pesquisadores”, disse o pró-reitor de Pesquisa da Unicamp, João Romano. Segundo ele, as universidades contam com iniciativas e ações bastante consolidadas nesta área, mas este setor exigirá cada vez mais esforços.
O pró-reitor diz que o objetivo do edital é estimular pesquisadores que atuam na área, mas também despertar o interesse daqueles que estão fora. “A ideia é oferecer estímulos a esses grupos já consolidados, mas também atrair pesquisadores novos, que vêm trabalhando nesta área, e que a gente nem sabe, ou, ainda, que têm interesse nela e não sabem como começar”, explica.
Para Romano, o edital também abrirá novas possibilidades em áreas consideradas menos tecnológicas, como a educação de pessoas com deficiência, sua inserção no mercado de trabalho e outras áreas que envolvam humanidades. Romano afirma, ainda, que o edital é um exemplo da consolidação do programa de integração das três universidades e do fortalecimento da relação entre as instituições de ensino e o poder público.
Melhorar condições de acessibilidade
O pró-reitor de Pesquisa da USP, Paulo Nussenzveig avalia que o edital tem grande potencial para atrair pesquisadores. Primeiro, diz ele, por se tratar de uma iniciativa conjunta das três universidades. “As universidades têm um histórico de colaboração. Mas houve algumas reuniões do Cruesp e, desde 2022, pelo menos, há uma sinalização muito clara de que, juntas, as instituições são mais fortes”, disse ele. “Precisamos aprimorar as conexões entre nós”, adverte.
Para Nussenzveig, um segundo aspecto confere atratividade ao edital. “Trata-se de um projeto que dá ênfase à inovação como forma de melhorar as condições de acessibilidade para pessoas com dificuldades. Eu, na verdade, não gosto da denominação Pessoa Com Deficiência. Para mim, são Pessoas Com Dificuldade”, diz ele.
“Entendo que o que há de atraente neste edital é a vontade, a determinação em produzir conhecimento que resulte diretamente em maior capacidade de acesso, oportunidade de trabalho e ações efetivas para essa população”, conclui o professor.
A pró-reitora adjunta de Pesquisa da USP, Susana Inês Córdoba de Torresi, diz que um aspecto importante do edital é o de determinar a interação entre os pesquisadores das três instituições. Segundo ela, procedimentos deste tipo são até frequentes em editais de agências de fomento ou publicações internacionais, mas entre as três universidades é algo novo.
Ações em conjunto
O pró-reitor de Pesquisa da Unesp, Edson Cocchieri Botelho, conta que os pró-reitores vêm articulando uma série de ações em conjunto há cerca de dois anos e que o lançamento deste edital é resultado desse esforço. “Trata-se de um edital inédito a partir do qual se pretende, com recursos próprios, financiar pesquisas qualificadas em tecnologias assistivas, mas que tenham como marca a ideia de integração das pesquisas das três universidades”, explica. “Creio que, com esse edital, estaremos escrevendo uma nova página na história das universidades”, avalia Botelho.
Aquisição de bases de dados e informação
O edital prevê que as equipes de pesquisadores deverão ser compostas por, no mínimo, dois docentes do quadro permanente da instituição proponente e mais dois das outras duas instituições. De acordo com Angela Lucas, assessora da Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Unicamp, a regra foi criada como uma forma de estimular a integração entre os pesquisadores das três instituições.
A concessão prevista no edital poderá ser destinada para aquisição de bases de dados e informação, contratação de terceiros para apoio técnico e oferta de bolsas de iniciação científica, mestrado, doutorado ou pós-doutorado, entre outros itens.
De acordo com a assessora, os projetos podem estar ligados a quaisquer outras áreas de conhecimento, como tecnologia, desenvolvimento de produtos, educação e elaboração de políticas públicas. “Um projeto deste porte tem como característica a interdisciplinaridade”, explica.
Para o assessor docente de Gabinete da Reitoria da Unicamp, Roberto Donato, estudos, pesquisas, atividades e ações voltadas para a população PCD atravessam as universidades em diversas dimensões. Ele cita como exemplo pesquisas e projetos em áreas como saúde, engenharias, arquitetura e educação que ocorrem na Unicamp, assim como nas outras duas instituições.
“Os estudos existem, os centros de pesquisa estão aí há muito tempo, e há pesquisas consolidadas em desenvolvimento em todas as áreas. Portanto, onde está o gargalo?”, pergunta ele. “A questão é a complexidade da pauta. A adoção de ações de conversão do mundo para um modelo mais amigável aos PCDs é de uma complexidade gigantesca”, adverte o assessor.
Donato lembra que a ideia do edital conjunto surgiu ainda em abril do ano passado, em conversas entre os reitores das três universidades. Na oportunidade, Carlos Carlotti (USP), Antonio José de Almeida Meirelles (Unicamp) e Pasqual Barretti (Unesp) assinaram um protocolo de intenções que abriu a possibilidade de implementação destas colaborações. Donato lembrou ainda que a parceria em torno do edital PCDs teve a articulação do assessor especial da secretaria estadual do Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, professor Ignacio Poveda.
Formulação de políticas públicas
O edital ocorre cerca de nove meses depois dos primeiros contatos que o secretário estadual dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, Marcos da Costa, manteve com as universidades. Em maio do ano passado, ele esteve na Unicamp, ocasião em que destacou o potencial das três universidades estaduais paulistas para se transformarem no centro de um programa de desenvolvimento de tecnologia assistiva no estado, contribuindo de forma decisiva para o processo de formulação de políticas públicas voltadas à pessoa com deficiência.
“As universidades têm um papel fundamental nesse processo por meio de suas atividades de pesquisa, ensino e extensão. Essas instituições têm o poder não apenas de gerar conhecimento, mas de aplicar esse conhecimento de maneira prática para transformar a realidade social”, disse Marcos da Costa, nesta semana.
“Este edital representa um marco importante nessa jornada, simbolizando uma união de esforços em favor de uma causa comum, que é a inclusão efetiva das pessoas com deficiência”, afirmou ele. “Quero expressar minha profunda gratidão às universidades estaduais paulistas pela parceria e pelo compromisso com esse projeto. Juntos, estamos trilhando um caminho para uma sociedade mais justa, igualitária e acessível”, finalizou o secretário.
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